A “Goal” was the term used in older versions of Google Analytics for a defined website action that an organization wanted to measure, such as reaching a thank-you page or completing a form. In Google Analytics 4 (GA4), traditional Goals were replaced by events and key events.
Organizations now configure or collect events representing important user interactions and mark the most meaningful events as key events. Examples can include lead-form submissions, purchases, registrations, phone-link clicks, or other actions tied to business objectives.
If you encounter instructions referring to Google Analytics Goals, they may describe the older Universal Analytics system. The underlying concept remains important: identify the actions that represent real progress toward business outcomes and measure them consistently.
See What is Google Analytics? and What is a conversion rate? for related measurement concepts.
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